Speaker
Description
Satellites account for $\sim$50% of nearby galaxies (z<0.2) and dominate the quenched population below $\sim$10$^{10.8}$ M$_\odot$. For the first time, using robust statistics spanning isolated, group, and cluster galaxies, this work quantifies the relative roles of starvation, gas stripping, and AGN feedback in quenching galaxies. In this talk, I will present a statistically robust sample of $\sim$5 000 galaxies from the MaNGA survey, combining optical IFU data with deep atomic hydrogen (HI) observations to measure cold gas fractions. Using the Kinemetry package, we compute and analyse kinematic asymmetries in both stellar and nebular gas velocity maps. These asymmetries serve as key diagnostics, as different quenching mechanisms imprint distinct kinematic signatures: starvation primarily depletes the gas reservoir, while gas stripping perturbs both the gaseous and stellar components. AGN feedback, however, is expected to affect only the gaseous kinematics. Our results reveal that starvation is ubiquitous (affecting $\sim$80% of galaxies) and plays a major role in quenching both satellites and centrals across all stellar masses. Notably, only 16% of quenched galaxies exhibit stellar asymmetries, suggesting that the dominant quenching mechanisms do not strongly perturb stellar structure. To further validate these findings, we compare our observations with two hydrodynamical simulations (TNG50-1 and Magneticum), analyzing over 10 000 mock galaxies. By tracking cold gas fractions, X-ray luminosity, and satellite infall times, we find striking consistency between simulations and observations. Even in high-resolution simulations, asymmetric satellites are rare in the "satellite region" of the M$_\star$-SFR plane, further supporting our main conclusions.